关键词: 国际人道主义组织, 自然灾难, 救援效率, 数据包络分析, 评价

Abstract: International humanitarian organizations (IHOs) are important participants in the process of disaster relief. In recent years, the characteristics of diversification and internationalization of international humanitarian relief have become increasingly obvious. At the same time, however some relief problems have exposed such as the inefficiency of humanitarian relief and the lack of emergency coordination mechanism between organizations. Currently the researches mainly focus on the rescue efficiency evaluation of one IHO, with less attention paid to the relief efficiency of all the IHOs during a natural disaster. Here 86 cases of natural disasters from 2001 to 2016 were selected as samples in which IHOs were the dominant participants. Based on the event system theory the rescue efficiency evaluation index system was proposed. Super efficiency DEA model (super-SBM) was used to measure the efficiency. A comparison of all disaster samples shows that the rescue efficiency varies greatly in terms of time, space and different types of disasters. In the perspective of the external environment of affected countries about disaster relief, the influence factors in IHOs rescue efficiency was studied from three dimensions of the affected countries’ political, cultural and geographical position. Suggestions was made about improving the natural disasters relief efficiency of IHOs from three aspects about the material rescue system, choice of humanitarian aid and humanitarian information network.

Key words: international humanitarian organization, natural disaster, rescue efficiency, DEA, evaluation