Abstract: Bacterial motility is essential for their survival and virulence. It is powered by motility motors, controlled by signal transduction systems. E. coli and its relative Salmonella enterica have been commonly used for studies of bacterial motility. Their swimming motility is powered by rotation of flagella driven by the bacterial flagellar motor, and is controlled by the bacterial chemotaxis signaling network. This paper reviewed recent progress on studies of bacterial flagellar motor and chemotaxis signaling network, and presented perspectives on future directions.

Key words: bacterial motility, bacterial flagellar motor, chemotaxis signaling system, molecular motor