Abstract: Numerous previous works have studied deep learning algorithms applied in the context of side-channel attacks, which demonstrated the ability to perform successful key recoveries. These studies show that modern cryptographic devices are increasingly threatened by side-channel attacks with the help of deep learning. However, the existing countermeasures are designed to resist classical side-channel attacks, and cannot protect cryptographic devices from deep learning based side-channel attacks. Thus, there arises a strong need for countermeasures against deep learning based side-channel attacks. Although deep learning has the high potential in solving complex problems, it is vulnerable to adversarial attacks in the form of subtle perturbations to inputs that lead a model to give wrong pedictions.  In this paper,  a kind of novel countermeasures is proposed based on adversarial attacks that is specifically designed against deep learning based side-channel attacks. We estimate several models commonly used in deep learning based side-channel attacks to evaluate the proposed countermeasures. It is shown that our approach can effectively protect cryptographic devices from deep learning based side-channel attacks in practice. In addition, our experiments show that the new countermeasures can also resist classical side-channel attacks.

Key words: side-channel attacks, countermeasures,  , adversarial attack, deep learning